Reviewed by a Greenback Expat Tax Accountant
If you need to file a US tax return but don’t have a Social Security number, you will need to use Form W-7 to request a tax identification number. Here’s how.
Key Takeaways
- Form W-7 is used to apply for an individual tax identification number (ITIN).
- An ITIN allows non-citizens to fulfill their US tax obligations without a Social Security number.
What Is Form W-7?
Form W-7 is used to apply for an individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN). This form is essential for non-citizens who aren’t eligible for a Social Security number but still need to file a US federal tax return.
Form W-7 and Individual Taxpayer Identification Numbers
Most US citizens use their Social Security number to identify themselves when filing a federal tax return. However, some non-citizens who aren’t eligible to receive a Social Security number must file a return. In these cases, the IRS provides the option to apply for an ITIN. This is done by filing Form W-7.
Preparation is key.
Dreading the last minute scramble pulling together your tax documents? Despair no more! This simple checklist lists the documents you need to have on hand when preparing to file.
Why ITINs Are Necessary
ITINs allow non-citizens to comply with US tax laws by filing a return when required. By issuing ITINs, the IRS can process tax returns and collect taxes from individuals who do not qualify for a Social Security number. In short, ITINs bridge the gap between non-citizens and citizens for federal tax purposes.
ITINs can also be used to:
- Open a US bank account
- Secure a loan
- Buy property in the US
What Information Does Form W-7 Ask For?
- Legal name and any other name used
- Mailing address and foreign address
- Country of citizenship
- Birth information (date and place)
- Visa information, if applicable
- US federal tax purpose for applying
- Signature and date of application
- Documentation substantiating foreign/alien status and true identity
How to Apply for Form W-7
To apply for an ITIN and complete Form W-7, applicants must provide a completed form along with the necessary documentation to prove their foreign status and identity. To do this, you should:
- Complete Form W-7 accurately.
- Attach the tax return to which the ITIN will be applied.
- Include original identification documents or certified copies.
- Ensure all documents are current and accurate.
Once you’ve filled out the form correctly, submit it to the IRS through the mail, at an IRS walk-in office, or via a certified acceptance agent.
Important
For greater convenience, you can request an ITIN through one of our Certified Acceptance Agents (CAA). That way, you won’t have to submit your passport and other documents to the IRS. Instead, you can mail your items to a CAA so that they can verify your identity. This will allow you to get your documents back within a week or two with this route rather than the several months the IRS will take.
Every expat should know these 25 things about US expat taxes. Find out for yourself.
What Forms of ID Can Be Used to Support an ITIN Application?
- Passport (standalone document)
- US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) photo ID
- Visa issued by the US Department of State
- US or foreign driver’s license
- Birth certificate (required for dependents under 18)
- Foreign military ID card
- National identification card (must show photo, name, current address, date of birth, and expiration date)
Take note
What happens if you marry a foreigner? Check our our article to filing taxes when married to a foreign spouse to know more!
What You Need to Know about Submitting Form W-7
When submitting Form W-7, send it to the IRS address designated for ITIN applications:
Internal Revenue Service
ITIN Operation
P.O. Box 149342
Austin, TX 78714-9342
U.S.A.
You can expect to wait about seven weeks to receive an ITIN. During peak periods, processing times may extend to as long as 11 weeks. To avoid delays, submit your Form W-7 as early as possible and ensure that all documentation is accurate.
Note that ITINs expire if not used on a tax return for three years. If your ITIN expires, you will need to apply for a new one.
Pro Tip
Always make a copy of your W-7 application and all attached documents for your records before sending them to the IRS. This will be invaluable if you need to reference or resubmit your application.
File Form W-7 with Help from Greenback
Filing Form W-7 to request an ITIN can be a complex process. Greenback Expat Tax Services make it easy, offering expert guidance every step of the way. We will tailor our services to your unique needs.
Contact us today to ensure your Form W-7 is filed accurately and on time.
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FAQs
A W-7 Form is used to apply for an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number, or ITIN, for non-citizens who aren't eligible to receive a Social Security number but need to file a federal tax return with the IRS for income from U.S. sources.
What is a W-7 application? ›
Use Form W-7 to apply for an IRS individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN). You can also use this form to renew an existing ITIN that is expiring or that has already expired.
Why do I need to file a w7 form? ›
Use Form W-7 for the following purposes. To apply for a new ITIN. Individuals applying for an ITIN must include a U.S. federal tax return unless they meet an exception, and the required documentation. To renew an ITIN.
How do I get an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number? ›
There are 3 ways you can apply for an ITIN number:
- Fill out Form W-7, Application for IRS Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN), and submit it with your tax return.
- Contact an IRS-authorized Certifying Acceptance Agent.
- Make an appointment with the IRS Taxpayer Assistance Center.
Timeline. It takes approximately 7-10 weeks for the IRS to process and issue an ITIN number, which will be sent to you by mail. You can contact the IRS at 800-829-1040 to check the status of your application seven weeks after submitting Form W-7.
Can I file w7 myself? ›
Some Acceptance Agents also offer free tax preparation to help you file a tax return. Self-preparation: You can apply directly to the IRS. Your Form W-7 must include original documentation or copies of these documents certified by the issuing agency. Photocopies and notarized copies of documentation are not accepted.
How long does it take for W7? ›
It will take up to seven weeks for the IRS to notify you of your ITIN application status, or 9-11 weeks during peak times between January 15th and April 30th, or if you're applying from overseas. If you do not hear from the IRS by the this time, you can call to find out the status of your application at 800-829-1040.
Is it better to use ITIN or SSN? ›
Aside from filing your taxes and opening a bank account, the ITIN unfortunately does not help much. As opposed to SSN, it does not provide legal immigration status or work authorization. An ITIN also allows foreign nationals to: In selected states, obtain a driver's license.
Who can certify a w7 form? ›
Filing through an IRS Certified Acceptance Agent (CAA).
A principal applicant can file his or her W-7 in person through a CAA. The CAA will review the applicant's original passport and make copies, return the original to the applicant, and forward the Form W-7 and certified copies to the IRS ITIN processing center.
Can someone with an ITIN file a tax return? ›
Even if you don't need to file , an ITIN can be used to file a tax return to seek a refund for over-withheld pay, or to claim state tax credits , including three “refundable” credits: California Earned Income Tax Credit.
The Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) is an umbrella term and it comprises several different types of tax IDs. The three most important TIN's are Social Security Number (SSN), Employer Identification Number (EIN), and Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN).
Where to send a W7 form? ›
Filing Form W-7
- in person at any IRS Taxpayer Assistance Center in the U.S.,
- by mail to: Internal Revenue Service. ITIN Operation. P.O. Box 149342. Austin TX 78714-9342.
ITIN. An ITIN, or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number, is a tax processing number only available for certain nonresident and resident aliens, their spouses, and dependents who cannot get a Social Security Number (SSN).
What documents are needed for W7? ›
Valid forms of ID
Some of them provide proof only of identity; others prove both foreign status and identity: Photo ID card from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (foreign status and identity) Visa issued by the State Department (foreign status and identity) U.S. or foreign driver's license (identity only)
How many documents are required for an ITIN? ›
IRS streamlined the number of documents the agency accepts as proof of identity and foreign status to obtain an ITIN. There are 13 acceptable documents. Each document must be current and contain an expiration date.
How do I know if my ITIN application is approved? ›
You can call the IRS toll-free at 800-829-1040 if you are in the United States or 267-941-1000 (not a toll-free number) if you are outside the United States. This service allows you to check the status of your application seven weeks after submitting Form W-7 and your tax return.
Form W-7: How To Apply for an ITINFincenthttps://fincent.com ›
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) issues tax processing numbers called Individual Taxpayer Identification Numbers (ITINs). It is designed for individuals who a...
You can obtain an IRS individual taxpayer identification number (ITIN) by completing Form W-7. Using this form, you can also renew your ITIN.
Application for IRS Individual Taxpayer Identification Number. Who Must Apply. Any individual who is not eligible to obtain an Social Security Number (SSN) but ...
Line 7 - Account number(s)
Use Line 7 if you need to supply the person or business paying you with account information such as a bank or brokerage account that pertains to the request for the W-9.
Can I work legally with an ITIN? ›
An ITIN does not authorize you to work in the U.S, nor does it change your immigration status.
Is ITIN the same as SSN? ›
An ITIN (Individual Taxpayer Identification Number) is a number assigned by the Internal Revenue Service, not the Social Security Administration. It is not the same as an SSN, an ITIN is not to be used for employment purposes. An ITIN number is only used for tax purposes.
No Social Security Number? We can help you get an Individual Tax Identification Number (ITIN), so you can file your taxes. Plus, at H&R Block, ITIN applications or renewals are free when you file your U.S. federal income tax return at participating locations.
